Giáo trình Maritime English for marine engineering (Vol. 02)
VIETNAM MARITIME ADMINISTRATON
MARITIME COLLEGE No. 1
MARITIME ENGLISH
FOR MARINE ENGINEERING
(Vol. 02)
COLLEGE LEVEL
(Issued in accordance with the decision No. ... QD / dated on ...... /........ /....
/2017 by the rector of Maritime College No. 1)
Năm 2017
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
This teaching material is in the form of textbooks, so sources of information
may be available in original or excerpts for educational and reference purposes.
Any other purpose that is distorted or used for business purposes is strictly
prohibited.
1
ACKNOWLEDMENTS
The textbook "Maritime English for Marine Engineering" is a learning
resource for students specializing in marine engine structure and its operation.
The textbook consists of 4 units with the following structure:
1. Text
2. Grammar
3. Skills
4. Practice
5. Assessment
The textbook provides students with basic maritime vocabulary and applied
terminology for engine department on board and other machineries relating to the
operation. The textbook also provides advanced English grammar which is
usually applied in the maritime field of this textbook mentioned.
The textbook has been compiled with the assistance of colleagues in English
Faculty and Marine Engine Department, especially the Chief Engineers: Do Hong
Hai, Tran Duc Hoa and Pham Ngoc Anh
Although the textbook has received comments of many experts, colleagues,
members of the Evaluation Council, this first appearance definitely has some
shortcomings. We do hope that colleagues, teachers, students and those who are
interested in helping to perfect the teaching materials and contribute to the study,
research and application in the practice of the students of Maritime College I in
general and students specialized in marine engine in particular.
Any comments or suggestion, please send to the following e-mails:
1. phtqtkhcn@cdhh.edu.vn
Finally, I would like to show my warm thank to my colleagues and students.
Authors: Nguyen Trung Kien M.A.
Ngo Mai Phuong P.G.
Phan Dinh Nguyen B.A.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
No.
1.
Pages
Introduction
3
4
6
7
8
9
2.
Table of contents
3.
List of symbols, abbreviations, terms
List of figures
4.
5.
Contents
Unit 1: Diesel engine
1. Vocabulary: Relating to main parts of a diesel engine
2. Language focus: Relative clause
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Main parts of engine
3.2. Writing: A description of a diesel engine
3.3. Listening: A description of piston movement
3.4. Speaking: Main parts of a diesel engine and their functions
4. Practice: Further reading: The principle of operation of a
diesel engine
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 2: Bunkering operations
1. Vocabulary: Relating to bunkering operations
2. Language focus: Conditional sentence (type 1)
3. Skills
24
3.1. Reading: Bunkering operations
3.2. Writing: Bunkering procedure
3.3. Listening: Meeting for Receiving Fuel Oil
3.4. Speaking: Exchanges information about recent activities
3
with partner
4. Practice: Further reading: After bunkering
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 3: Preparing for leaving port
1. Vocabulary: Relating to planning & preparing to leave port
2. Language focus: Adverbial clause (time)
3. Skills
36
3.1. Reading: Before starting marine engine
3.2. Writing: Problems before starting main engine
3.3. Listening: When ship leaves a port
3.4. Speaking: Before departure
4. Practice: Further reading: Things to do at 1 hour notice period
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 4: Maintenance & repair work
1. Vocabulary: Relating to maintenance & repair work
2. Language focus
47
2.1. Adverbial clause (Cause and effect)
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Workshop knowledge
3.2. Writing: Workshop knowledge
3.3. Listening: Maintenance schedule
3.2. Speaking: Repair work
4. Practice: Further reading: Periodic maintenace checklist
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
4
5.2. Assessment methods
Word list
65
Common abbreviations
Answer keys
Table of irregular verbs
Tapescripts
Checklist
Glossary
7.
Reference
114
5
List of symbols, abbreviations, terms
Parts of speech
Abbreviation
adjective
adverb
adj.
adv.
aux.
conj.
n.
auxiliary
conjunction
noun
noun phrase
object
n phr
obj.
preposition
somebody
something
subject
prep.
sb
sbt
subj.
v.
verb
verb in past participle
verb + “-ing”
V-pp / PII
V-ing
6
List of figures
Names
No.
Pages
1. Figure 1.1. Major running parts
2. Figure 1.2. Main parts of a diesel engine
3. Figure 1.3. A cross-section of a four-stroke cycle
engine
4. Figure 1.4. Main parts of a diesel engine
5. Figure 1.5. Names of four strokes
6. Figure 2.1. Bunkering
7. Figure 2.2. Bunkering
8. Figure 3.1. Engine room
9. Figure 3.2. Engine room
10. Figure 4.1. Overhaul cylinder cover
11. Figure 4.2. Types of pliers
12. Figure 4.3: Types of spanners
13. Figure 4.4. Types of screwdrivers
14. Figure 4.5. Types of hammers
15. Figure 4.6. Types of fasteners
16. Figure 4.7. Power tools
17. Figure 4.8.Periodic mainenance
7
ENGLISH
FOR MARINE ENGINE Vol.02
Module title: English for Marine Engineering
Module code: MĐ 6840111.12
I. Module framework:
- Pre-requisites: This module is taught in the second semester of the second
school year, after students have learnt English for Marine Engineering Vol.1.
- Scope:: This module is compulsory for students of marine engineering.
II. Objectives:
After completing this module, students will be able to:
- For knowledge: Present the form and uses of Relative clause; Conditional
sentence type 1; Adverbial clause of time; Adverbial clause of Cause and effect; as
well as some nouns, verbs relating to the Vocabulary relating to main parts of a
diesel engine, bunkering operation, as well as some nouns, verbs relating to the
planning & preparing to leave port, tools, maintenance & repair work;
- For skills: Listening, speaking, reading and writing in English about main parts
of a diesel engine, bunkering operations, preparing for leaving port, maintenance
and repair work;
- For attitudes: Raise awareness of the importance of learning English for the
future job as well as the necessary factors in English including pronunciation,
intonation, accuracy, fluency, etc.
III. Contents of the module:
8
UNIT 1: DIESEL ENGINE
Code: MĐ.6840111.12.01
Introduction:
This unit is desiged to supply students with some vocabulary about types of
diesel engines and their parts in English.
Objectives:
After completing this unit, students will be able to:
- Present the form and uses of relative clauses in English;
- Use relative clauses to listen, speak, read and write about types of
marine engine, their parts and names of strokes;
- Raise awareness of the importance of learning English for the future job as
well as practice the accuracy, carefulness in pronunciation, listening, speaking,
reading, writing and communication in English.
Main content:
1. Vocabulary: Relating to main parts of a diesel engine
Vocabulary
bearing
Transcription
/'beəriɳ/
Speech Vietnamese meaning
n
n
v
n
ổ đỡ, bạc
bệ máy
nạp
bedplate
charge
/ bed pleit/
/tʃɑ:ʤ/
combustion
chamber
/kəm'bʌstʃn
/'tʃeimbə/
buồng đốt
compress
/kəm'pres/
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
nén, ép
connecting rod
crank
/kə'nekti:ɳ rɔd/
/kræɳk/
thanh truyền
khuỷu trục
các te
crankcase
/kræɳk keis/
/kræɳk ʃɑ:ft/
/'silində blɔk/
/'silində 'kʌvə/
/'silində 'lainə/
/'di:zl 'endʒin/
crankshaft
trục khuỷu
khối xy lanh
nắp xy lanh
sơ mi xy lanh
động cơ diesel
cylinder block
cylinder cover
cylinder liner
diesel engine
9
double acting
engine frame
exhaust valve
fuel injector
inject
/'dʌbl,æktiη /
/'enʤin freim/
/ig'zɔ:st vælv/
/fjuəl in'ʤektə/
/in'ʤekt/
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
tác dụng kép
thân động cơ
xu páp xả
vòi phun
phun
inlet valve
/'inlet vælv/
xu páp nạp
động cơ đốt trong
internal combustion
engine
/in'tə:nlkəm'bʌst∫n
'endʒin/
main bearing
/ mein 'beəriɳ/
n
bạc đỡ chính, bạc trục
mechanism
non-supercharge
piston
/'mekənizm/
/'nɔn,sju:pətʃɑ:ʤ/
/'pistən/
n
n
n
n
n
cơ cấu
không tăng áp
pít tông
piston skirt
/'pistən skə:t/
thân pít tông
pít tong có bàn trượt
piston
with
/'pistən wið
krɔshed/
crosshead
pressure
reciprocating
reversible
revolve
/'preʃə/
n
áp suất, áp lực
tịnh tiến
/ri'siprəkeitiɳ/
/ri'və:səbl/
/ri'vɔlv/
n
adj
v
đảo chiều
quay tròn
rãnh séc măng
chắc chắn, an toàn
vài
ring groove
secure
/ riɳ gru:v /
/si'kjuə/
n
v
several
/'sevrəl/
adj
v
shaft
/ʃɑ:ft/
trục
single acting
spray
/'siηgl ,æktiη/
/ sprei/
ạdj
v
tác dụng đơn
phun
spray nozzle
static part
stroke
/ sprei 'nɔzl/
/'stætik/
n
đầu phun
chi tiết tĩnh
thì, hành trình
tăng áp
n
/strouk/
n
supercharge
/,sju:pətʃɑ:ʤ/
adj
10
thrust bearing
trunk piston
/θrʌst 'beəriɳ/
/ trʌɳk 'pistən/
n
n
ổ đỡ chặn
pít tông không bàn
trượt
Task 1. Look at the figure 1.1 and give Vietnamese meaning of the major
running parts.
Figure 1.1. Major running parts
machinery/71451-construction-materials-for-marine-diesel-engines/
Task 2. Match the word or phrase with its right picture.
crankcase
crankshaft
piston pins
valves
engine bearings
connecting rod
injector
piston rings
piston
pushrods
a.
b.
11
c.
e.
d.
f.
h.
g.
j.
i.
Figure 1.2. Main parts of a diesel engine
2. Language focus: Relative clause
Definition
12
A relative clause is part of a sentence that tells us which person or thing the
speaker is describing. We can make relative clauses by joining simple sentences
together using who, that or which. The words who, that and which act as a link
between the two clauses.
Types relative pronouns
We use who for people.
The passenger is French. She is sitting next to me.
The passenger who is sitting next to me is French.
In spoken English we also often use that for people.
'Who's Paul?'
'He's a friend from marine college. He still visits me regularly.'
He's a friend from marine college that still visits me regularly.'
We use which or that for things.
The oil was spilled on the deck. It has been cleaned up now.
The oil which / that was spilled on the deck has been cleaned up now.
We can use where for places.
I went back to the duty-free shop. I had bought the perfume there.
I went back to the duty-free shop where I had bought the perfume.
Task 3. Complete the sentences.
1. A lifeboat is a ship which
……………………………………………………………………………
2. The engine room is the place where
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The Chief Engineer is a person who
……………………………………………………………………………
4. The main engine is a machine which
……………………………………………………………………………
Task 4. Link these sentences together using who, that, which or where.
1. The Second engineer assists the Chief Engineer. He takes all aspects of his
duties.
……………………………………………………………………………
13
2. One officer is called the Chief Steward. He is responsible for the Catering
Department.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The engine room is really under control all the time. There are engine officers on
duties in this room.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. The liquid was forced through a spring loaded relief type valve injectors. These
injectors caused the fuel to become divided into small droplets.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. George Brayton builds an engine. It uses a spring loaded injector and solid
metered injection system.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. These engines use injectors. They are very precise spring-loaded valves.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Skills:
3.1. Reading: Main parts of engine
A diesel engine is a machine which produces power by burning oil in a body
of air which has been squeezed to a high pressure by a moving piston. Since it is a
machine that produces power, it is called an engine, and since the burning or
combustion takes place within the engine itself, it is called an internal-combustion
engine. Steam engines use steam made by burning fuel outside the engine. This is
external combustion engine.
To compress the air, put in the oil and produce power, every diesel must have
certain basic parts. It must have a cylinder, in the bore of which a close fitting
piston can slide up and down to make strokes. The piston must be connected to a
mechanism which controls its sliding. For this purpose, ordinary engines use a
crank mechanism. This consists of:
1. a round shaft which can turn in bearings and which has a crank (which
turns in a circle when the shaft revolves), and
2. a connecting rod which connects the crank to the piston. The connecting
rod is a straight rod with a bearing at each end.
The crank mechanism is a device for converting in the up and down motion of
the piston to rotating motion of the crankshaft. The power produced by the engine
is taken off the crankshaft.
14
Valves are needed to let the air into the cylinder and also to let out the burned
gases after they have done their work. Also a spray nozzle, or fuel injector, is
needed to deliver the oil fore burning in the form of a finely divided spray. To do
this, the oil must be put under pressure. This is accomplished by a pump which is
called a fuel injection pump. Of course, even the simplest diesel engine has other
parts than those just mentioned.
Task 5. Answer the questions.
1. What does a diesel engine produce?
……………………………………………………………………………
2. How is oil burnt in a diesel engine?
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Where does the combustion take place in a diesel engine?
……………………………………………………………………………
4. What parts must every diesel engine have?
……………………………………………………………………………
5. What does the piston do?
……………………………………………………………………………
6. What parts of diesel engine is the piston connected to?
……………………………………………………………………………
7. What does the crank mechanism consist of?
……………………………………………………………………………
8. What does the connecting rod do?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. What changes the in-and-out motion of the piston to rotating motion of the
crankshaft?
……………………………………………………………………………
10. What are valves needed for?
……………………………………………………………………………
11. What does the fuel injector deliver to the engine?
……………………………………………………………………………
12. What must be done to oil before delivering it to the engine?
15
……………………………………………………………………………
Task 6: Write in the box with T for true sentence or F for false sentence
1.
A diesel engine produces power by burning oil high
pressured by a fixed piston.
2.
An internal-combustion engine is a machine that produces
power with the combustion taking place within the engine
itself.
3.
4.
5.
Steam engines use steam made by burning fuel outside the
engine which is external combustion engine.
To compress the air, put in the oil and produce power, every
diesel must have a cylinder.
A connecting rod connects the crank to the connecting rod
which is a straight rod with a bearing at each end.
3.2. Writing: A description of a diesel engine
16
Task 7. Look at the figure 1.2 and complete a description of a diesel engine.
The engine is made up of a 1.
………. which moves up and down in a 2.
………. which is covered at the top by a 3.
………. The 4. ………. , through which
fuel enters the cylinder, is located in the
cylinder head. The inlet and 5. ……….
valves are also housed in the cylinder head
and held shut by springs. The piston is
joined to the 6. ………. by a gudgeon pin.
The bottom end or big end of the
connecting rod is joined to the 7. ……….
which forms part of the crankshaft. With
this assembly the linear up-and-down
movement of the piston is converted into
rotary movement of the 8. ………. .
The crankshaft is arranged to drive
through gears the 9. ………. , which either
directly or through pushrods operates
rocker arms which open the 10. ……….
and exhaust valves. The camshaft is 'timed'
to open the valves at the correct point in the
cycle. The crankshaft is surrounded by the
11. ………. and the engine framework
which supports the cylinders and houses
the crankshaft bearings. The cylinder and
cylinder head are arranged with water 12.
………. around them.
Figure 1.3. A cross-section of a four-stroke cycle engine
Task 8. Translate into English.
1. Khí sạch được hút vào trong xi lanh của động cơ.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Công suất được sinh ra bới động cơ.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Khí được nén bởi chuyển động của pit tông.
……………………………………………………………………………
17
4. Tôi muốn trở thành một thợ máy giỏi.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. Thợ máy luôn trực ca trong buồng máy.
……………………………………………………………………………
3.3. Listening: A description of piston movement
Task 9.These drawings show the movement of the pistons in 4 strokes. What are
they?
Fresh air
Suction
Fuel injection valve
Fuel injection valve
Exhaust valve
Suction
valve
Exhaust valve
valve
TDC
TDC
Piston
Piston
Cylinder liner
BDC
Cylinder liner
BDC
Connecting rod
Connecting rod
Crank
Crank
1 ……………………………
2. …………………………………..
Fuel injection valve
Fuel injection valve
Suction
valve
Exhaust valve
Suction
valve
Exhaust valve
TDC
TDC
Piston
Piston
Cylinder liner
Cylinder liner
BDC
BDC
Connecting rod
Connecting rod
Crank
Crank
3. ……………………………..
4. ………………………………….
Task 10: Listen and answer the questions.
1. What stroke provides the power to drive the ship?
18
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Do the other three strokes require power from the remaining cylinders to
perform their various duties or not?
……………………………………………………………………………
3. What valve has been opened during the suction stroke?
……………………………………………………………………………
4. When will the inlet valve close?
……………………………………………………………………………
5. What is the movement of the piston in the second stroke?
……………………………………………………………………………
6. What is the movement of the piston in the first stroke?
……………………………………………………………………………
7. What is happening with the air charge?
……………………………………………………………………………
8. What is sprayed into the cylinder in the third stroke?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. When is the exhaust valve opened?
……………………………………………………………………………
10. What gases are driven out to the silencer through the exhaust valve?
……………………………………………………………………………
3.4. Speaking: Main parts of a diesel engine and their functions.
Task 11. Look at the figure and give the names of some main parts of a desel
engine.
19
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