Giáo trình Maritime English for ship electricity - Vol 2
VIETNAM MARITIME ADMINISTRATION
MARITIME COLLEGE No. 1
MARITIME ENGLISH
FOR SHIP ELECTRICITY
VOL 2
COLLEGE LEVEL
(Issued in accordance with the decision No. ... QD / dated on ...... /........ /....
/2017 by the Rector of Maritime College No. 1)
Năm 2017
1
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying,
recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in
critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our gratitude to the teachers of Foreign language
Division and the department of Electrical – Electronics Engineering who provided
support, talked things over, read, offered comments, allowed us to quote their
remarks and assisted in the editing, proof-reading and design.
We would like to thank the Board of rector, the Education section, the
International Co-operation and technology section for their positive contribution to
the completing of this course book.
Our thankful words are sent to our loved ones for their encouragement and
assistance during the process of designing this material.
We beg forgiveness of all those who have been with us over the course of
the years and whose names we have failed to mention.
Last but not least, we would like to thank for all who will send us any
comments or suggestion to improve this material because the shortcomings are
inevitable during the process of producing the material.
Any comments or suggestion, please send to the following e-mails:
2. ntmthai@cdhh.edu.vn
Authors: 1. Nguyen Thi Minh Thai M.A
2. Dang Thi Hoang Yen M.A
3
INTRODUCTION
In the current industrialization and modernization of our country and the
exploitation of information in the global. English plays an important role ihe
education and training, the development of the country in general and the maritime
industry in particular.
According to the International Convention on Standards of Training,
Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers 2011, English is a compulsory
requirement for seafarers.
To help students of Maritime College I meet the English language
requirement of the future job after graduation, the textbook “Maritime English for
Ship Electricity” is compiled for the second year students of the Electro-
Electronics Department.
Based on the realities of the maritime industry in the world, the core of
which is the codes, conventions, as well as the guidelines and recommendations of
the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This textbook provides students
with advanced English grammar, maritime vocabulary and standard marine
communication phrases, as well as usage habits that have been developed
specifically for the maritime profession.
The textbook consists of 5 units with the structure of each unit as follows:
1. Vocabulary
2. Language focus
3. Skills
4. Practice
5. Assessment
While compiling, editors have also used some electrical and automation
materials published locally, abroad and through web-sites.
4
MỤC LỤC
No.
1
2
Contents
Pages
Acknowledgements
Introduction
3
4
3
4
5
6
Table of contents
List of abbreviations
List of figures
Contents
5
8
9
10
UNIT 1: Generators
12
1
2
3
Vocabulary: AC generator’s parts
Language focus: ‘To infinitive’ as adverb of purpose
Skills
3.1 Reading comprehension: AC generators in parallel
3.2 Writing: Describing a diagram
3.3 Listening: Emergency generator
3.4 Speaking: Talk about generators used onboard
4
Practice
4.1 Further reading: AC generator operation
4.2 Exercises
5. Evaluation
5.1 Evaluation sheet
5.2 Evaluation methods
UNIT 2: Transformers
24
1
2
3
Vocabulary: Transformers: Basic parts and classification
Language focus: Noun Phrase
Skills
3.1 Reading comprehension: Transformers used onboard
3.2 Writing: Shortening a clause by NP
3.3 Listening: The construction of a transformer
3.4 Speaking: Interpreting a transformer connection diagram
5
4
Practice
4.1 Further reading: Transformer maintenance
4.2 Exercises
5. Evaluation
5.1 Evaluation sheet
5.2 Evaluation methods
UNIT 3: Ship’s lighting
39
1
2
3
Vocabulary: Ship’s lighting
Language focus: Adverbial clause
Skills
3.1 Reading comprehension: Types of lamps used onboard
3.2 Writing: Describing the navigation light panel
3.3 Listening: Emergency lighting
3.4 Speaking: Talking about ship’s lighting
4
Practice
4.1 Further reading: Lighting fittings maintenance
4.2 Exercises
5. Evaluation
5.1 Evaluation sheet
5.2 Evaluation methods
UNIT 4: Electrical tools and general electrical maintenance
57
1
2
3
Vocabulary: General electrical maintenance work
Language focus: Cause and effect
Skills
3.1 Reading comprehension: General electrical maintenance work
3.2 Writing: Describing a process
3.3 Listening: Electrical tools
3.4 Speaking: Talk about electrical tools
6
4
Practice
4.1 Further reading: Fault finding
4.2 Exercises
5. Evaluation
5.1 Evaluation sheet
5.2 Evaluation methods
UNIT 5: Emergency Power System
73
1
2
3
Vocabulary: Basic parts and classification
Language focus: Correlative conjunctions
Skills
3.1 Reading comprehension: Emergency power system
3.2 Writing:
3.3 Listening: What is emergency generator maintenance?
3.4 Speaking:
4
Practice
4.1 Further reading: Emergency generators
4.2 Exercises
5. Evaluation
5.1 Evaluation sheet
5.2 Evaluation methods
Glossary
6
Glossary 1
82
94
Glossary 2
7 Tapescripts
8 Answer keys
9 Reference
99
103
110
7
List of Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Meaning
Alternating current
AC
DC
HV
LV
Direct current
High voltage
Low Voltage
Adjective
adj
adv
Adverb
N
Noun
v
Verb
V-pp/P- II
S
verb in past participle
Subject
8
List of figures
TT
1 Figure 1.1: The alternator
Tên bảng
Trang
14
2 Figure 1.2: The diagram of AC generator
3 Figure 2.1: The single-phase transformer
4 Figure 2.2: The transformer
16
24
25
5 Figure 3.1: Navigation light panel
6 Figure 3.2: Navigation light
42
46
7 Figure 4.1: Basic electrical tools
8 Figure 4.2: Motor starter panel
58
65
9 Figure 5.1: Emergency power system
10 Figure 5.2: Emergency generator panel
72
74
9
MODULE: MARITIME ENGLISH FOR SHIP ELECTRICITY 2
Module title: English for Ship Electricity 2
Module Code: MĐ6520228.32
Module framework:
- Pre-requisites: This module is taught in the second semester of the second
school year, after students have learnt general subjects and the first semester of
maritime English for ship electricity.
- Scope:: This module is compulsory for students of Marine Electrical
Engineering.
- Aims:
The module provides students with intermediate English grammar and basic
marine electrical engineering vocabulary to help them gain confidence in
communication as well as in their work. In addition, with a good level of English
combined with confidence, students will have more opportunities to find a job after
graduation and meet the requirements of employers and companies.
Objectives:
On the completion of this module, students will be able to:
- For knowledge:
+ Name parts of a generator, transformer, equipment in ship’s lighting;
emergency lighting, electrical maintenance; emergency generator and emergency
switch board;
+ Demonstrate the function of electrical tools, ship’s lighting, navigational
light; emergency generator and emergency switch board; parts of an generator,
transformer; the working principle of an generator, transsformer; maintenance
work procedure;
+ Demonstrate the form and the use of noun phrase, adverbial clauses, “To
infinitive”, structure to talk about cause and effect;
- For skills:
+ Use grammar, vocabulary and professional terms leant to read, write,
listen, speak and make up conversations about generators, transformers, ship’s
lighting system, maintenance work and emergency system;
- For attitudes:
+ Raise the awareness of the importance of learning English for work,
essential elements: correct pronunciation, stress, intonation, accuracy, fluency in
communication and writing in English;
+ Rise awareness of practicing listening, speaking, reading and
conversation skills for students;
10
+ Be aware of the importance of practicing carefulness, accuracy, safe
work, flexibility and confidence when using English for work.
+ Be confident to use English for work, socializing or traveling.
Contents of the module:
11
UNIT 1: GENERATORS
Code: MĐ6520228.32.01
Introduction:
This unit gives an overview of English grammar about the form, use of “To
infinitive” as adverb of purpose and basic vocabulary relating to parts, working
principle of AC generators.
Objectives:
- Present the form, use of To infinitive as adverb of purpose, names of parts of
AC generators, various types of AC generators, describe the working principle of
AC generators,
- Identify parts of AC generators by reading descriptions of AC generators,
various types of AC generators, describe a diagram of AC generators in writing,
exchange information about generators used on board and listen to emergency
generator.
- Be aware of the importance of English to future occupation, essential
elements: correct pronunciation, stress, intonation, accuracy, fluency in
communication and writing in English.
Main content:
1. Vocabualry: AC generator parts
Vocabulary
Speech Transcription
Vietnamese meaning
hoạt hóa, làm hoạt động
dòng điện xoay chiều
máy phát điện xoay chiều
cung cấp, áp dụng vào
sự tiếp xúc
activate
(v) ['æktiveit]
alternating current (n) ['ɔ:ltə:neitiη 'kʌrənt]
alternator
apply
(n) ['ɔ:ltəneitə]
(v) [ə'plai]
contact
drive
(v) ['kɔntækt]
(v) [draiv]
dẫn động, truyền động
do, vì, nhờ có
due to
(adv) [dju: tu ]
(v) [feil]
fail
thất bại, không đạt
từ trường
field
(n) [fi:ld]
fixed armature
fixed element
(n) [fikst 'ɑ:mət∫ə]
(n) [fikst 'elimənt]
phần ứng cố định
phần tử cố định
12
for a few moments
gas turbine
generate
[fɔ: ə fju: 'moumənt]
(n) [gæs 'tə:bain]
trong chốc lát
tua bin khí
(v) ['dʒenəreit]
(n) ['neit∫ə]
phát ra, phát điện
tính chất, bản chất
liền khối
nature
one piece
periphery
oint
(n) [wʌn pi:s]
(n) [pə'rifəri]
(n) [pɔint]
chu vi của vòng góp
điểm, phần, vấn đề
từ trường quay
tự kích từ, tự kích thích
vòng góp
rotating field
self-exciting
slip ring
(n) [rou'teitiη fi:ld]
(v) [self ik'saitiη]
(n) [slip riη]
steam turbine
(n) [sti:m 'tə:bain]
tua bin hơi
switching plane (n) ['swet∫iη plein]
mặt phẳng nối-ngắt
không bị gián đoạn
vật liệu
uninterrupted
material
(v) [,ʌn,intə'rʌptid]
(n) /mə’tɪəriəl/
Task 1. Match the terms with their definitions.
A
B
1. Alternators generate
a. drive the alternator.
2. Diesel engines, steam turbines, gas b. two groups.
turbines, etc..........
3. Alternators are divided into
c. are the most widely used.
4. Alternators with rotating field and d. an alternator.
fixed armature
5. A brush is one part of
e. alternating current.
f. donot require a switching plane.
6. The brushes of the slip rings
2. Language focus: Infinitive as adverb of purpose
1. Form
to + Infinitive
13
2. Uses
We use the “to-Infinitive” to express purpose
- We learn English of ship’s electricity to work with electrical equipment on
board.
- To work on board a ship as an electrician is my important goal.
- You have a lot of work to do today.
- To regulate the voltage of a direct current generator excited in parallel, an
induction regulator is required
Động từ nguyên thể (infinitive) có thể đảm nhiệm chức năng chỉ mục đích
(Adverb of purpose). Do đó, có thể thêm: In order to ở trước = In order to/ So as to
regulate………….
- Therefore, the only viable manner of installing it is to put in series with
the inductor – Vì thế, cách duy nhất hữu hiệu mắc nó là đặt nối tiếp với
phần cảm điện.
Động từ nguyên thể To put là bổ ngữ (subject complement hoặc predicative)
cho chủ ngữ (The only viable manner of installing it).
Task 2. Write down the infinitive that is used as an adverb in the following
sentences.
1. The teacher wrote to the state to renew his license.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Have you ever stopped to think about your goals in life?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
3. I am going to the store to buy a 100-watt light bulb.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
4. He went to his father to ask his consent.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
5. The bus driver sounded his horn to warn the walkers.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
6. The clown painted his face white to give a clown-look.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
14
3. Skills
3.1. Reading comprehension: AC generators in parallel
Alternators are machines which, when driven by another machine (Diesel
engines, steam turbines, gas turbines, etc…) generate alternating current.
Depending on the nature of the fixed element, they are divided into two groups:
- Alternators with fixed field and moving armature
- Alternators with moving field and fixed armature
Of the two types, those with rotating field and fixed armature are the most
widely used.
In an alternator, the brushes of the slip rings do not require a switching plane.
The brushes are on two slip rings to supply excitation current to the rotor. These
rings are one piece and, therefore, contact is continuous and uninterrupted at any
point on their periphery.
When an alternator is activated and it fails to generate current, the problem may
be due to the fact that it is not self-exciting. To correct this problem, it is sufficient
to apply current from a battery or cell to the slip rings for a few moments.
If the load of a single generator becomes too large that its rating is exceeded, it
is necessary to add another generator in parallel to increase the
power available from the power station. Before attempting to connect AC
generator in parallel, the following conditions must be met:
1-1) The voltages of the alternators must be in phase.
1-2) The terminal voltage of the generators should be equal.
1-3) Their frequencies must be equal.
When two or more generators are operating in parallel where they satisfy the
three requirements mentioned in item 1 above, they are said to be in synchronism.
The operation in getting these machines into synchronism is called synchronizing.
For clarity in the following discussions, it is assumed that one generator is running
and another one to be synchronized will be called the incoming generator.
15
Figure 1.1: The alternator
Task 3. Are the following statements True or False?
Statements
True
False
1. Alternators generate directing current.
................. .................
2. Depending on the nature of the fixed element, ................. .................
alternators are divided into two groups.
3. Alternators with rotating field and fixed armature
................. .................
are the most widely used.
4. The slip rings are one piece.
................. .................
5. The brushes of the slip rings require a switching
................. .................
plane.
Task 4. Answer the following questions.
1. What are alternators?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
2. How are alternators divided?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
16
3. Which alternators are the most widely used, alternators with fixed field and
moving armature or alternators with moving field and fixed armature?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Do the brushes of the slip rings require a switching plane?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Why does an alternator fail to generate current?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
6. What should be done when an alternator is activated and it fails to generate
current?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
3.2. Writing:
Task 5. Complete the following sentences using suggested words.
1. Alternators / machine / drive / another machine.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Alternators / generate / alternating current.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Alternators / divide/ two / groups.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Brushes / slip rings / not / require / switching plane.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
5. The slip rings / one piece.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Task 6. Put questions for the underlined words
1. They are going ashore in Thailand.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
2. He checks the pistons every month.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Captain Tu goes to the bridge after the lunch.
17
……………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The oiler is greasing the machine.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Alternators are driven by Disel engine.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Alternators are divided into two groups.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
7. When an alternator is activated and it fails to generate current.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
8. An alternator fails to generate current because it is not self-exciting.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Task 7. Describing a diagram of an AC generator
Figure 1.2: A diagram of an AC generator
18
3.3. Listening:
Task 8. Match the word with its meaning
Word
Meaning
1. acid (n)
a. từ trường
2. conductor (n)
3. current (n)
b. (dòng điện) chạy
c. chất cách điện
d. bóng đèn tròn
4. magnetic field (n)
5. electrolysis (n)
6. light bulb (n)
7. electric cooker (n)
8. flow (v)
e. hiện tượng điện phân
f. nồi cơm điện
g. dòng điện
h. a-xít
Task 9. Listen and choose a correct word from the box to fill in the gap
electrical
armature
works
induced
brushes
rectangular
permanent
galvanometer
Working principle of an AC generator
An AC gemerator is an electric generator that converts mechanical energy to
(1)_________energy in the form of an aleternating EMF or alternating current. An
AC generator (2)_________on the pinciple of electromagnetic induction. In
electromgaetic induction, when there is a releative motion between a coil and a
magnetic field, an electric current or EMF is (3)________in the coil bounce of an AC
generator.
An AC generator has a/an (4)________ABCD. It is a/an (5)_________coil with many
turns wound around a soft iron core. A shaft, it can be rotated rapidly. A field magnet,
it may be a strong (6)________magnet with concave poles to slip rings s1 and s2.
These are connected to the armature and thus rotate with it. Two (7)________b1 and
b2, they provide electrical contact with the slip rings and a load which may be a
galvanometer and shore .
When the armature rotates between the poles of field magnet, the magnetic flux linked
with the armature changes continuously. As a result an EMF is induced in the
armature. This in turn produces an electric current through the armature and the
(8)__________and through the slip rings and the brushes. Noted that the
19
galvanometer needle swings between the negative and positive values. This means
that an alternating current is flowing through the galvanometer.
3.4. Speaking:
Task 10. Work in pairs and translate the above passage into Vietnamese
Task 11. Speak about an alternator
Task 12. Work in pairs and make up dialogues using these cues
1.
A: What/ an alternator?
B: ...............................................................
A: How/ be/ an alternator/ divided into?
B: ..............................................................
A: What type/ be/ the most/ wide/ use?
B: ................................................................
A: Why/ an alternator/ fail/ generate/ current?
B: .................................................................
A: How/ they/ correct/ problem?
2.
B: ..................................................................
4. Practice
4.1: Further reading: AC generator operation
Read the TEXT once for the gist (overall idea) and then in detail.
Principle of AC Generator
There are two types of generators, one is AC generator and other is DC
generator. Whatever may be the types of generators, it always converts mechanical
power to electrical power. An ac generator produces alternating power. A dc
generator produces direct power. Both of these generators produce electrical
cuts magnetic lines force, due to which an emf is induced in the conductor. The
magnitude of this induced emf depends upon the rate of change of flux (magnetic
line force) linkage with the conductor. This emf will cause a current to flow if the
conductor circuit is closed.
How AC generator works?
20
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