Giáo trình English for ship propulsion system
VIETNAM MARITIME ADMINISTRATON
MARITIME COLLEGE No. 1
ENGLISH
FOR SHIP PROPULSION SYSTEM
COLLEGE LEVEL
Issued in accordance with the decision No. ... QD / dated on ...... /........ /....
/2017 by the rector of Maritime College No. 1)
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying,
recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in
critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would first like to acknowledge the help of all our colleagues from the
English Faculty and Mechanical Engineering Department, especially the lecturers
such as Nguyen Duc Ca, Chu Huu Dan and Vu Huy Truong for their enthusiastical
collaboration and valuable contribution. They supported us greatly and were
always willing to assist us.
We wish to present our special thanks to the Board of rector, International
Co-operation and Science Technology Department for their positive comments and
suggestion to the completing of this textbook.
Our thankful words are sent to our loved ones for their encouragement and
assistance during the process of designing this material.
We beg forgiveness of all those who have been with us over the course of the
years and whose names we have failed to mention.
Last but not least, we would like to thank for all who will send us any further
comments or suggestion to improve this material because the shortcomings are
inevitable during the process of producing the material.
Any comments or suggestion, please send to the following e-mails:
2. ltth[email protected]du.vn
Author: Le Thi Thu M.A
INTRODUCTION
Ship propulsion system is one of the important systems on board a ship to
maintain speed and direction for the operation of ships and auxiliary engines,
ensure safety for the operation of ships, cargoes and crews and passengers.
Therefore, the textbook “English for Ship propulsion system” at the college
level is composed to provide students with basic Maritime English vocabulary,
advanced English grammar to meet the practical requirements for marine
propulsion job.
The English textbook “English for Ship propulsion system” is compiled in
accordance with the detailed syllabus of the module for the college level at
Maritime College Number one. The textbook includes 08 units with a duration of
60 hours and the general structure of each unit as follows:
1.Vocabulary
2. Language focus
3. Skills
4. Practice
5. Assessment
While compiling, editors have also used some maritime materials published
locally, abroad and through web-sites.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
No.
Contents
Pages
1
Acknowledgements
3
2
3
4
5
6
Introduction
4
5
9
10
12
13
Table of contents
List of abbreviations
List of figures
Contents
Unit 1: Diesel Engine
1. Vocabulary: Main parts of a diesel engine
2. Language focus: Passive voice
2.1. Use
2.2. Form
2.3. Overview chart of passive voice
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Diesel Engine
3.2. Writing: Description of a four-stroke cycle engine
3.3. Listening: Description of a crankshaft
3.4. Speaking: Dismantling and reassemble the diesel engine
4. Practice: Further reading:
How massive main engines are fitted in the ship’s engine room
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 2: Auxiliary machinery
28
1. Vocabulary: Types of auxiliary machinery
2. Language focus: How to express the function of a thing
2.1. By using a verb expressing the function
2.2. By using the structure “to be used”
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Auxiliary machinery
3.2. Writing: Uses of air compressors on ship
3.3. Listening: Air compressor assembly
3.4. Speaking: Functions of auxiliary machinery
4. Practice: Further reading: Types of pumps on ship
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 3: Ship Propulsion Systems
1. Vocabulary: Relating to ship propulsion systems
2. Language focus: Relative clause
2.1. Definition
40
2.2. Use
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Ship propulsion system
3.2. Writing: Description of ship propellers
3.3. Listening: Steering gear
3.4. Speaking: Shafting arrangement
4. Practice: Further reading: Propeller shaft assembly
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 4: The Power systems of a Diesel Engine
1. Vocabulary: Relating to the power systems of a diesel
engine
52
2. Language focus: Infinitive verb
2.1. Definition
2.2. Use
2.3. Common verbs followed by an infinitive
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Fuel oil system
3.2. Writing: Lubricating oil system
3.3. Listening: Water cooling system
3.4. Speaking: Components of a lubrication oil system and a
cooling water system
4. Practice: Further reading: Fuel oil system
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 5: Starting and reversing systems
1. Vocabulary: Relating to starting and reversing systems
2. Language focus: Gerund
66
2.1. Definition
2.2. Use
2.3. Common verbs followed by a gerund
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Starting and reversing systems
3.2. Writing: Description of the starting and reversing systems
3.3. Listening: How the reversing gears works
3.4. Speaking: Steps in the operation of the air starting system
4. Practice: Further reading:
Maintenance of starting and reversing system components
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 6: Generators
77
1. Vocabulary: Relating to generators
2. Language focus: Conditional sentence type I
2.1. Definition
2.2. Use
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Generators
3.2 Writing: Assembling a generator
3.3. Listening: Emergency power
3.4. Speaking: Tools and equipment for installation of a diesel
generator set
4. Practice: Further reading:
How to assemble the diesel generator
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 7: Bilge and ballast pumping systems
1. Vocabulary: Relating to bilge and ballast pumping systems
2. Language focus: Modal verbs in the passive voice
2.1. Definition
88
2.2. Use
3.1. Reading: Bilge and ballast pumping systems
3.2. Writing: Description of assembling bilge system
3.3. Listening: Ballast system description
3.4. Speaking: Installation of a ballast water management
system
5. Assessment
5.1. Evaluation sheet
5.2. Assessment methods
Unit 8. Tools for assembling and dismantling
1. Vocabulary: Names of tools for assembling and dismantling
2. Speaking: Names of tools and their functions
103
3. Practice: Further reading
Basic safety rules for the use of hand and power tools
4. Assessment
4.1. Evaluation sheet
4.2. Assessment methods
Reference
Appendices
110
111
112
125
126
138
156
Appendix 1. Glossary
Appendix 2. Disassembly and assembly tools
Appendix 3. Word list
Appendix 4. Answer keys
Appendix 5. Table of irregular verbs
List of Abbreviations
Parts of speech
Abbreviations
adjective
adverb
adj.
adv.
aux.
conj.
n.
auxiliary
conjunction
noun
noun phrase
object
n phr
obj.
preposition
somebody
something
subject
prep.
sb
sth
subj.
v.
verb
verb + “-ing”
verb in past participle
verb phrase
V-ing
V-pp / PII
v phr
List of Figures
No.
1.
Name
Pages
15
Figure 1.1. Internal components of a diesel engine
2.
3.
Figure 1.2. Mechanical arrangement-Main parts
20
Figure 1.3. A cross-section of a four-stroke cycle
engine
21
4.
5.
6.
7.
Figure 1.4. Parts of a crankshaft
23
24
25
26
Figure 1.5. Marine engine installation
Figure 1.5. Diesel engine spare parts
Figure 1.6. Connecting rod, 5Д2, 5Д2-1, 5112, 8П2
and 10П2 diesel engines
8.
Figure 2.1. Types of auxiliary machinery
31
33
36
41
9.
Figure 2.2. Two stage air compressor
10.
11.
Figure 3.1. Arrangement of ship propulsion system
Figure 3.2.The structure sketch map of the marine
propulsion system
12.
13.
14.
Figure 3.3. Function of the marine propulsion system
42
43
45
Figure 3.4. Propeller types
Figure 3.5. Typical 4 ram steering gear arrangement
for cargo ships
15.
16.
Figure 3.6. Shaft line
48
Hình 3.7. Bố trí hệ trục đơn
49
50
Figure 3.8. Propeller shaft assembly
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Figure 4.1. Layout of diesel engine power plant
54
59
59
61
61
62
63
64
70
71
Figure 4.2. Fuel oil system for cargo ships
Figure 4.3. Lubricating oil system
Figure 4.4. Cooling system
Figure 4.5. Lubrication oil system
Figure 4.6. Water cooling system
Figure 4.7. Fuel system
Figure 4.8. Fuel oil system
Figure 5.1. Main engine starting air system
Figure 5.2. Reversing servomotor gear on four-stroke
cycle medium-speed V-engine
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Figure 5.3. Starting air system for diesel engine
Figure 5.4. Operation of the air start system
Figure 6.1. Major components of a diesel generator
Figure 6.2. Components of an electric generator
Figure 7.1. Engine room bilge system
Figure 7.2. Ballast arrangement
73
75
78
81
92
94
95
Figure 7.3. Bilge arrangement
Figure 7.4. Bilge main lines
95
95
35.
36.
Figure 7.5. Bilge wells
Figure 7.6. Ballast Pumps
97
37.
Figure 7.7. Image of installation of a ballast water
management system
100
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
Figure 7.8. Images of installation of a bilge pump
100
105
105
105
106
106
Figure 8.1. Types of pliers
Figure 8.2. Types of spanners
Figure 8.3. Types of screwdrivers
Figure 8.4. Types of hammers
Figure 8.5. Types of fasteners
Figure 8.6. Power tools
107
107
Figure 8.7. Hand-tools with names and uses
MODULE: ENGLISH FOR SHIP PROPULSION SYSTEM
Module title: English for Ship propulsion system
Module Code: MĐ.6520112.14
Module framework:
Pre-requisites: This module is taught in the first semester of the second school
year, after the completion of the first school year and acquires the basic knowledge
of English.
- Scope: This module is compulsory for students of marine propulsion job.
- Aims:
+ Provide students with advanced English grammar, vocabulary related to
ship propulsion system in English.
+ Forms listening, speaking, reading, writing and communication skills in
English and creates confidence for the students using English for their future work.
Objectives:
After completing this module, students will be able to:
- For knowledge:
+ Describe how to form and use passive voice, model verbs in the passive,
infinitive verbs, gerund, relative clause and conditional sentence type I;
+ Present English vocabulary relating to the basic components of a diesel
engine, types of marine auxiliary machinery, fuel systems, ship propulsion plant,
starting and reversing systems, bilge systems, ballast systems, the names of some
assembly tools and how to assemble some of the equipment mentioned above.
- For skills:
+ Use vocabulary and grammar learnt to describe, listen, speak, read, write
about main parts of a diesel engine, diesel engine layout, types of marine auxiliary
machinery, fuel systems, ship propulsion plant, starting and reversing systems,
bilge systems, ballast systems, the names of some assembly tools and how to
assemble some of the equipment mentioned above.
- For attitudes:
+ receive awareness of the importance of learning English for work, essential
elements: correct pronunciation, stress, intonation, accuracy, fluency in
communication and writing in English;
+ be capable of listening, speaking, reading, writing and communication in
English;
+ be self-controlled and confident to use these skills for future work.
Contents:
UNIT 1:
DIESEL ENGINE
Mã bài: MĐ.6520112.14.01
Giới thiệu: Bài học này nhằm trang bị cho học sinh ngữ pháp về đại từ quan hệ
và từ vựng chuyên ngành cơ bản liên quan đến động cơ diesel tàu thủy.
Mục tiêu: Sau khi học xong bài này, sinh viên có kiến thức và kỹ năng để:
- Hiểu được cấu tạo và cách dùng của các thì hiện tại ở thể bị động, khái
niệm cơ bản về động cơ diesel tàu thủy và các bộ phân cấu thành;
- Trình bày được cấu tạo của động cơ diesel và cách bố trí các bộ phận cấu
trành của động cơ;
- Ý thức tầm quan trọng của tiếng Anh chuyên ngành đối với nghề nghiệp
tương lai cũng như rèn luyện tính chính xác khi thực hành phát âm, nghe, nói, đọc,
viết và đàm thoại bằng tiếng Anh; Rèn luyện tính tự chủ, an toàn trong quá trình
lắp ráp các chi tiết máy tàu thủy thông qua các bài luyện tập bằng tiếng Anh.
Nội dung chính:
1.Vocabulary: Main parts of a diesel engine
Vocabulary
bearing
Transcription
/'beəriɳ/
Speech Vietnamese meaning
n.
ổ đỡ, bạc
bệ máy
bedplate
cam-shaft
combustion
chamber
/ bed pleit/
/kæm ∫ɑ:ft/
/kəm'bʌstʃn
/'tʃeimbə/
n.
n phr
n phr
trục cam
buồng đốt
connecting rod
crank
crankcase
/kə'nekti:ɳ rɔd/
/kræɳk/
n phr
n.
n.
thanh truyền
khuỷu trục
các te
/kræɳk keis/
/kræɳk ʃɑ:ft/
/'silində /blɔk/
/'silində hed/
/'keisiɳ/
crankshaft
cylinder block
cylinder head
cylinder head
casing
n.
n.
n phr
n phr
trục khuỷu
blốc xy lanh
đầu xylanh
hộp đầu xylanh
cylinder liner
diesel engine
engine frame
exhaust valve
fixed part
fly-wheel
/'silində 'lainə/
/'di:zl 'endʒin/
/'enʤin freim/
/ig'zɔ:st vælv/
/ 'fikst pa:t /
n phr
n phr
n phr
n phr
n phr
n phr
ống lót xylanh
động cơ diesel
khung máy
xu páp xả
bộ phận cố định
bánh đà
/´flai¸hwi:l/
fuel injection pump /fjuəl in'ʤekʃn
n phr
bơm cao áp
pʌmp/
high-pressure oil
pump
/hai 'preʃə ɔɪl pʌmp/ n phr
bơm dầu cao áp
indicating valve
injector
inlet valve
main bearing
moving part
piston
/´indikeit /vælv/
/fjuəl in'ʤektə/
/'inlet vælv/
/mein 'beəriɳ/
/fikst pa:t /
n phr
n phr
n phr
n phr
n phr
n.
van chỉ thị
vòi phun
xu páp nạp
ổ đỡ chính
bộ phận chuyển động
pít tông
/'pistən/
piston rod
shaft
/'pistən rɔd/
/ʃɑ:ft/
n phr
n.
cần pít tông
trục
speed governor
spray nozzle
thrust bearing
/spi:d ´gʌvənə/
/ sprei 'nɔzl/
/θrʌst 'beəriɳ/
n phr
n phr
n phr
bộ điều tốc
kim phun
ổ đỡ chặn
Task 1. Match English terms with Vietnamese translation.
English Vietnamese translation
1. bedplate
a. xu páp xả
b. kim phun
c. khung máy
d. cần pít tông
e. xu páp nạp
f. bệ máy
g. trục khuỷu
h. ống lót xy lanh
i. thanh truyền
j. đầu xy lanh
k. blốc xy lanh
l. vòi phun
2. connecting rod
3. crankshaft
4. cylinder block
5. cylinder head
6. cylinder liner
7. engine frame
8. exhaust valve
9. injector
10. inlet valve
11. piston rod
12. spray nozzle
Task 2. Look at the following figure and translate the term into Vietnamese.
Figure 1.1. Internal components of a diesel engine
analyst-part-1)
Task 3. Match the word or phrase with its right picture.
piston
cylinder block
cylinder head
connecting rod
crankshaft
bedplate
frame
cylinder liner
b.
a.
c.
d.
e.
f.
h.
g.
2. Language focus: Passive voice
2.1. Use
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not
known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.
In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do
not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes, a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the
following example shows:
Example: Piston rings of marine diesel engines are made of cast iron.
In this case, The fact is that “Piston rings of marine diesel engines are made
of cast iron“ but the fact does not mention anyone (e.g. You have made piston
rings.)
2.2. Form
Be + past participle
Example:
Active: The engineers replaced all the piston rings.
Pasive: All the piston rings were replaced by the engineers.
Note: When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
- The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive
sentence
- The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
- The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive
sentence (or is dropped)
2.3 Overview chart of passive voice
Tenses
Active voice
He assembles cylinder Cylinder heads are assembled
heads. by him.
He does not assembles Cylinder
cylinder blocks. assembled by him.
Does he
Passive voice
Simple Present
blocks
aren’t
assembles Are cylinders assembled by
cylinders?
him?
Present
Continuous
Right
writing the letter.
now,
Sarah is Right now, the letter is being
written by Sarah
Past Continuous The
engineers
were the generator
was being
repairing the generator at repaired by the engineers at
8.00PM. 8.00PM.
Present Perfect Many
tourists have Ha Long bay has been
visited by many tourists.
visited Ha Long bay.
Simple Future
will
They will finish the work The work will be finished by
by 5:00 PM. 5:00 PM.
Simple Future
be going to
Sally is going to make a A beautiful dinner is going to
beautiful dinner tonight. be made by Sally tonight.
Task 4. Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets in the following
passage.
The crankshaft rotates clockwise and the piston 1. (move) …………..down the
cylinder. The inlet valve is open and a fresh charge of air 2. ( draw) ………….. into
the cylinder by the turbocharger.
The inlet valve 3. (close) ………….. and the charge of air is compressed by
the piston as it 4. (move) ………….. up the cylinder. Because energy is being
transferred into the air, its pressure and temperature increase. By the time, the
piston is approaching the top of the cylinder (known as Top Dead Centre or TDC)
the pressure is over 100 bar and the temperature is over 500°C.
Just before TDC fuel 5. (inject) ………….. into the cylinder by the fuel
injector. The fuel is "atomised" into tiny droplets. Because they are very small
these droplets heat up very quickly and start 6. (burn) …………..as the piston
passes over TDC. The expanding gas from the fuel burning in the oxygen 7. (force)
…………..the piston down the cylinder, turning the crankshaft.
As the piston 8. (approach) …………..the bottom of the cylinder (known as
Bottom Dead Centre or BDC) the exhaust valve starts to open. As the piston now
moves up the cylinder, the hot gases 9. (expell) …………..from the cylinder.
As the Piston approaches TDC again the inlet valve 10. (start) …………..to
open and the cycle is repeated.
Task 5. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
1. Tankers carry oil to many countries.
...................................................................................................................................
2. The engine drives the propeller.
...................................................................................................................................
3. They have transferred oil from the tanker to the port in pipe lines.
...............................................................................................................................
4. The engineers will disassemble the pump and check for obstructions
in the air passageways.
...............................................................................................................................
5. The engine frame connects the cylinder block with the bed plate.
...............................................................................................................................
6. You have to inspect the pressure relief valve for damage and replace if
necessary.
...............................................................................................................................
7. Do you use 1/2" wrenches to remove the inlet manifold fasteners?
...............................................................................................................................
8. Is the supervisor checking the tightness of the outer pistons to the shaft?
...............................................................................................................................
9. The crank mechanism controls the sliding of the piston.
...............................................................................................................................
10. The engineers are going to remove the valve ball, valve seat and valve seat O-
ring from liquid chamber and inspect.
...............................................................................................................................
3. Skills
3.1. Reading: Diesel Engine
Figure 1.2. Mechanical arrangement-Main parts
There are several ways of classification of marine diesel engines based on various
parameters and some of these classifications are as follows.
- Speed: high speed, medium speed, slow speed
- Usage: automotive engines, locomotive engines, marine engines
- Operation: 2-stroke, 4-stroke, single acting, double acting
- Cylinder arrangement: horizontal, vertical, vee, radial
It can be seen from the above classification that diesel engines vary in their
outer appearance and size as well as in the details of construction. However, they
all have the same main parts which will perform the same functions. By parts, each
diesel engine can be separated into fixed parts and moving parts. Fixed parts refer
to the bedplate, engine frame, cylinder block and cylinder cover (or cylinder head),
while moving parts include piston, connecting rod and crankshaft. The following
is a brief introduction on the main parts of a diesel engine.
bearings, and at the rear of a bedplate thrust bearings to be fitted, which are used to
transfer to hull the axial push caused by a propeller.
An engine frame is sometimes engine frame is called A-frame because its
shape resembles the letter A. An engine frame has two ends, free end and
thrust end, and is mounted up on a bedplate as the support of cylinders,
forming the enclosed space of a crankcase.
Cylinder block which is also called as engine block is the main structure
of the engine which give the space for the cylinders, and it also give passages
for the coolant, exhaust, and intake gases to pass over the engine and host for
the crankcase and cam shafts.
A cylinder head is mounted up on the top of the cylinder block and forms the
combustion chamber in connection with a cylinder and piston. Besides, a starting
valve, fuel nozzle, safety valve and indicator valve are fitted on the top of the
cylinder head.
A piston forms the lower part of the combustion chamber. Piston skirt, piston
rod and trunk piston are three parts of the piston assembly of the marine diesel
engines on ship.
A connecting rod is a shaft which connects a piston to a crank or crankshaft in
a reciprocating engine.
smooths out the rotation.
Task 6. Answer the following questions.
1. How are marine diesel engines classified?
.………………………………………………………………………..
2. What are basic components of a diesel engine?
...…………………..……………………………………………………
3. Name some fixed parts of a diesel engine?
………………………………………………………………………
4. Name some moving parts of the diesel engine? Where is a piston fitted?
………………………………………………………………………
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