Bài giảng Phát triển phần mềm nguồn mở - Bài 6: Laravel - Nguyễn Hữu Thể
PHÁT TRIỂN PHẦN MỀM NGUỒN MỞ
LARAVEL
Nguyễn Hữu Thể
Laravel
− A powerful MVC PHP framework
− Designed for developers who need a simple and
elegant toolkit to create full-featured web
applications.
− Laravel was created by Taylor Otwell.
2
Laravel
− Laravel is a MVC framework.
• Incorporates many of the best features of frameworks like
CodeIgniter, Yii, ASP.NET MVC, Ruby on Rails, Sinatra,
and others.
− Laravel is an Open Source framework.
• It has a very rich set of features which will boost the speed
of Web Development.
3
Laravel – Features
− Modularity
− Testability
− Routing
− Configuration management
− Query builder and ORM (Object Relational Mapper)
− Schema builder, migrations, and seeding
− Template engine
− E-mailing
− Authentication
− Redis
− Queues
− Event and command bus
4
Laravel – Version
Version
1.0
Release date
June 2011
PHP version
2.0
September 2011
February 22, 2012
March 27, 2012
May 22, 2012
3.0
3.1
3.2
4.0
May 28, 2013
≥ 5.3.0
≥ 5.3.0
≥ 5.4.0
≥ 5.4.0
≥ 5.5.9
≥ 5.5.9
≥ 5.6.4
≥ 5.6.4
≥ 7.0.0
≥ 7.1.3
≥ 7.1.3
4.1
December 12, 2013
June 1, 2014
4.2
5.0
February 4, 2015
June 9, 2015
5.1 LTS
5.2
December 21, 2015
August 23, 2016
January 24, 2017
August 30, 2017
February 7, 2018
September 4, 2018
5.3
5.4
5.5 LTS
5.6
5
5.7
Laravel – Installation
− Server Requirements
• PHP >= 5.6.4
• OpenSSL PHP Extension
• PDO PHP Extension
• Mbstring PHP Extension
• Tokenizer PHP Extension
• XML PHP Extension
6
Laravel - Installation
− Step 1 − Visit the following URL and download
composer to install it on your system.
− Step 2 − After the Composer is installed, check the
installation by typing the Composer command in the
command prompt as shown in the following
screenshot.
7
Laravel - Installation
− Step 3 − Move to path where you have created the
new directory and type the following command there
to install Laravel.
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel MyProject
Successfully:
8
Laravel - Installation
− Step 4 − Open URL in the browser
Or
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Configuration
− Public Directory
• Web server's document / web root to be the public directory.
• The index.php in this directory serves as the front controller
for all HTTP requests entering your application.
− Configuration Files
• All of the configuration files for the Laravel framework are
stored in the config directory.
− Directory Permissions
• Directories within the storage and the bootstrap/cache
directories should be writable by your web server or Laravel
will not run.
10
Configuration
− Application Key
• Set your application key to a random string.
• If you installed Laravel via Composer or the Laravel
installer, this key has already been set for you by the php
artisan key: generate command.
• Typically, this string should be 32 characters long.
• The key can be set in the .env environment file.
• Renamed the .env.example file to .env
• If the application key is not set, your user sessions and other
encrypted data will not be secure!
11
Configuration
− Additional Configuration
• Timezone and locale
• Cache
• Database
• Session
12
Application structure
− The default Laravel application structure is intended to
provide a great starting point for both large and small
applications.
− You are free to organize your application however you like.
− Laravel imposes almost no restrictions on where any given
class is located - as long as Composer can autoload the
class.
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Root Directory
− app − the core code of the application.
− bootstrap − the application bootstrapping script.
− config − configuration files of application.
− database − your database migration and seeds.
− public − The application’s document root. It starts the
Laravel application. JavaScript, CSS, Images,...
− resources − raw assets such as the LESS & Sass files,
localization and language files.
− routes - all of the route definitions for your
application. By default, three route files are included
with Laravel: web.php, api.php, and console.php.
− storage − App storage, like file uploads... Framework
storage (cache), and application-generated logs.
− test − various test cases.
− vendor − composer dependencies.
App Directory
− Console − All the artisan commands are
stored in this directory.
− Exceptions − Contains your application's
exception handler.
− Http − Contains your controllers, filters,
and requests.
− Providers − Contains various service
providers.
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