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Bài giảng Introduction to Computer Programming (C language) - Chapter 5: Repetition statements - Võ Thị Ngọc Châu

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Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology  
Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering  
Chapter 5: Repetition Statements  
Introduction to Computer Programming  
(C language)  
TS. Võ Thị Ngọc Châu  
([email protected]n,  
[email protected])  
2017 – 2018, Semester 2  
Course Content  
C.1. Introduction to Computers and  
Programming  
C.2. C Program Structure and its  
Components  
C.3. Variables and Basic Data Types  
C.4. Selection Statements  
C.5. Repetition Statements  
C.6. Functions  
C.7. Arrays  
C.8. Pointers  
C.9. File Processing  
2
References  
[1] “C: How to Program”, 7th Ed. – Paul  
Deitel and Harvey Deitel, Prentice Hall, 2012.  
[2] “The C Programming Language”, 2nd Ed.  
– Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie,  
Prentice Hall, 1988  
and others, especially those on the Internet  
3
Content  
Introduction  
while.. Statements  
do..while.. Statements  
for.. Statements  
Nested Repetition Statements  
continue Statements  
break Statements  
Summary  
4
Introduction  
Control statements in C  
Sequence  
Assignment  
Function calling  
…  
Selection  
if  
if..else..  
switch..case..  
Repetition  
for..  
while..  
do..while..  
5
Introduction  
void main() {  
Given a  
double positiveNumber[10] = {2, 1, 3, 10, 8, 3, 4, 5, 9, 12};  
set of n  
positive  
numbers,  
find the  
smallest  
one.  
int n = 10;  
double minNumber = positiveNumber[0];  
int iteration = 1;  
while (iteration < n) {  
if (minNumber <= positiveNumber[iteration])  
iteration = iteration + 1;  
else {  
minNumber = positiveNumber[iteration];  
iteration = iteration + 1;  
}
(Chapter 1 –  
}
Control Statements for Repetition  
Real code in C)  
}
6
Introduction  
A repetition statement allows you to specify  
that an action is to be repeated while some  
condition remains true.  
Example 1: Input validation  
Ask a user to input a value  
While his/her input value is invalid, ask him/her  
to input a value.  
Example 2: Search for any of you who didn’t  
submit homework (i.e. no attachment exists)  
Example 3: Count the number of occurrences  
of an important keyword in a text  
7
while.. Statements  
while (<Condition>) <Statement>;  
false (= 0)  
<Condition>  
while (<Condition>) {  
<Statement1>;  
true (0)  
<Statements>  
…
<Statementk>;  
}
1. <Condition> is evaluated.  
2. If <Condition> is true (0), <Statements> are performed  
and then go to step 3. Otherwise, i.e. if <Condition> is false  
(=0), go to step 4.  
3. Go back to step 1.  
8
4. End the repetition statement and move forward.  
while.. Statements  
false (= 0)  
i<=3  
true (0)  
printf(…);  
i++;  
false (= 0)  
i>=3  
true (0)  
printf(…);  
i++;  
9
while.. Statements  
Write a program to receive a natural number from a user. If an invalid  
value is entered, ask the user to input again until a valid one is obtained.  
10  
while.. Statements  
Given N, the number of the first natural numbers  
greater than 0, calculate and print the total sum of  
these N first natural numbers.  
11  
while.. Statements  
Given N, a natural number greater than 0, calculate and print the  
factorial of N: N! = 1*2*..*N = (N-1)!*N  
12  
Given a natural number N  
greater than 0, list a series of  
Fibonacci numbers smaller than N.  
do..while.. Statements  
do {  
<Statement1>;  
<Statements>  
…
<Statementk>;  
true(0)  
<Condition>  
}
while (<Condition>);  
false(=0)  
<Statements> are always  
performed at least once!  
1. <Statements> are performed.  
2. <Condition> is evaluated.  
3. If <Condition> is true (0), go to step 1. Otherwise, i.e. if  
<Condition> is false (=0), go to step 4.  
4. End the repetition statement and move forward.  
14  
do..while.. Statements  
printf(…);  
i++;  
true(0)  
i<=3  
false(=0)  
printf(…);  
i++;  
true(0)  
i>=3  
false(=0)  
do..while.. Statements  
Write a program to receive a natural number from a user. If an invalid  
value is entered, ask the user to input again until a valid one is obtained.  
16  
do..while.. Statements  
Given N, the number of the first natural numbers  
greater than 0, calculate and print the total sum of  
these N first natural numbers.  
17  
do..while.. Statements  
Given N, a natural number greater than 0, calculate and print the  
factorial of N: N! = 1*2*..*N = (N-1)!*N  
18  
Given a sequence of N numbers input sequentially  
by a user, find the minimum one.  
19  
for.. Statements  
<expression_1>  
false (=0)  
<expression_2>  
true (0)  
<Statements>  
<expression_3>  
for (<expression_1>; <expression_2>; <expression_3>) <Statement>;  
for (<expression_1>; <expression_2>; <expression_3>) {  
<Statement1>;  
…
<Statementk>;  
20  
}
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